<h1>Episode 1:  History and Basic Types</h1>

<h2>Explain who you are and what you do.</h2>

<ul>
<li><p>Name: Colin Mills, (cjm) </p></li>
<li><p>Occupation: Software Engineering Student in Canada</p></li>
<li><p>I have been a UNIX geek and open source software <strong>FANATIC</strong> for about four years now.</p></li>
<li><p><strong>Website</strong>: c-jm.github.io</p></li>
</ul>

<h2>Start to go into the history of C and explain where it came from.</h2>

<h3>Abstract</h3>

<blockquote>
  <p>C was originally developed by Dennis Ritchie between 1969 and 1973 at AT&amp;T 
Bell Labs,[5] and used to (re-)implement the Unix operating system.[6] 
It has since become one of the most widely used programming languages of all 
time, [7][8] with C compilers from various vendors available for the
majority of existing computer architectures and operating systems. 
C has been standardized by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) > since 1989 (see ANSI C) and subsequently by the 
International Organization for Standardization (ISO).</p>
</blockquote>

<ul>
<li>From: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C_%28programming_language%29">Wikipedia On C</a></li>
</ul>

<h2>Explain Types and their meanings</h2>

<ul>
<li><p><strong>SIGNED</strong>: It means it can hold either negative or positive values.</p></li>
<li><p><strong>UNSIGNED</strong>: Unsigned means it can only hold positive values.</p></li>
</ul>

<p>Retrieved From: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Signedness">Wikipedia On Signedness</a></p>

<h2>int:</h2>

<ul>
<li><p>An int is a variable that is at leas 16 bits in size.</p></li>
<li><p>It is actually the most efficent for the processor itself.</p></li>
<li><p>Capable of storing -32767 -> 32767</p></li>
</ul>

<h3>Int Specifiers</h3>

<ul>
<li><p><strong>short</strong>: 16 bits in size</p>

<p>short int intThatIsAShort = 0;</p></li>
<li><p><strong>long</strong>: 32 bits in size</p>

<p>long intThatIsALong = 0; </p></li>
<li><p><strong>long long</strong>: 64 bits in size</p>

<p>long long reallyBigInteger = 0;</p></li>
</ul>

<h2>char</h2>

<ul>
<li><p>One byte in memory. (8 bits).</p></li>
<li><p>Holds a character but can also hold a number</p>

<p>char thisCanHoldALetter = 'x';
char thisCanHoldANumber = 72;</p></li>
</ul>

<h3>Note about the ascii table</h3>

<ul>
<li><p>ASCII is just a number corresponding with a letter.</p></li>
<li><p>Look here for more information.</p></li>
</ul>

<h2>float</h2>

<ul>
<li><p>Holds floating point numbers</p>

<p>float thisIsAFloat = 72.2;</p></li>
</ul>

<h2>Double</h2>

<ul>
<li><p>Like a float but bigger.</p>

<p>double thisIsADouble = 0;</p></li>
</ul>

<h2>Arrays</h2>

<ul>
<li><p>Arrays are collections of multiple things</p></li>
<li><p>Have to be a set size.</p></li>
<li><p>Use braces to initalize</p></li>
<li><p>If you initalize one you initalize all. </p>

<p>int arrayOfNums[100] = {0};</p></li>
</ul>

<h2>Strings</h2>

<ul>
<li><p>"Strings" are made up of mutliple chars. (Yes it does make sense! :))</p>

<p>char arrayOfChars[81] = {0};</p></li>
<li><p>Null termination is added to the end.</p>

<p>'&#92;0'</p></li>
</ul>
